DEMONSTRABLE CASE THERMODYNAMIC LAWS NOT OBEYED

The First Law of Thermodynamics states that the total amount of energy (in an isolated set-up) is constant. In mathematical terms: du = dq – dw (1) where: d =differential indicating “change of……” q = heat energy w = work done. The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that the total energy of an isolated system involves redistribution of energy.In other words, “any process that is possible to occur” is accompanied by an increase in total entropy. dq = Tds (2) where T = temperature s = entropy Combination of the two laws (inculcating some implications) will yield: du + dw < Tds (3) One implication of these laws,extended to energy systems will indicate: Energy ------ useful energy + waste energy (4) This,in other words leads us to the conclusions that “ no source of energy will produce work without its being diminished”. These laws hold for many sytems.However,it has been discovered (by the author) that it may not hold for magnets (under some arrangement). If, for instance,magnets of carefully chosen signs are placed on spikes on a rotable hub (one-plane wise) with each pair shielded from other pairs,the set should rotate so far the magnetic and mechanical strengths and spike lengths(among others) are sufficient. The energy of the magnet produces work but is not energy-diminished. Hence the Laws of Thermodynamics (in their implications) are not obeyed. The first case(though not easily obvious initially) that shows such a case is with the well-known compass.It consists of a suspended magnet which moves in a magnetic (earth-based) field and remains constant irrespective of the fact that the earth is rotating. Another case is that reportedly demonstrated by a Nigerian Scientist,Dr. Ezekiel Izuogu,recently and as reported in some Nigerian media.he proposed two “laws” which indicate the direction of rotation.Actually,the direction of attractive magnetic forces are known and any arrangement inculating such forces in a centripetal/centrifugal force arrangement should indicate the direction of rotation among other things. However,of more salient need is that the implications of some of these findings runs much more deeper than taken and might call for greater research for more utility. For instance,there might well be a rethink of the use of the Gibb’s Free energy concept as regards,for instance,chemical processes.